Second only to the tiger in size, this big cat has awed humans and has been recorded in history since cave drawings of the Neanderthals.
They are the most social of all big cats and form groups called prides that revolve around related lionesses. Lionesses do most of the hunting in coordinated groups. They are lighter and more agile than the males and males can overheat more easily because of their manes.
The mane serves several purposes though. First, it makes the lion look larger and more intimidating to their enemies, secondly, it protects their necks when fighting other lions, and lastly it plays a role in attracting females. Thicker and darker manes are a sign of good health and higher testosterone levels.
Conservation Status: Vulnerable
Habitat: Sub-Saharan Africa, and about 360 inhabit the Gir Forest of western India. They used to exist in North Africa, parts of the Middle East and Eurasia.
Threats: Habitat loss due to human settlement, cattle farming, hunting or poisoning by cattle ranchers that see them as threats to their herds.
Sources:
http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lion
http://www.arkive.org/lion/panthera-leo/
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